Transformation Connector

ABSTRACT

An electrical connector including a substrate, a pitch transformation routing assembly formed on the substrate and including pitch transformation routing members, a first set of contact members where each contact member extends away from a first end of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member, and a second set of contact members where each contact member extends away from a second end of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member. Each pitch transformation routing member includes multiple routing sections, where each routing section extends in the first direction or the second direction. In a first subset of the pitch transformation routing members, the pitch transformation routing members have routing sections with different dimensions in the first direction and the second direction.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 17/179,405, entitled TRANSFORMATION CONNECTOR, filed Feb. 19,2021, which is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser.No. 16/513,188, entitled TRANSFORMATION CONNECTOR, filed Jul. 16, 2019,now U.S. Pat. No. 10,985,480, issued Apr. 20, 2021, which is acontinuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/246,529, filed on Jan. 13, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,047,878, issuedJun. 29, 2021, which claims the benefit of Patent Application No.TW107114634 filed in Taiwan, Republic of China on Apr. 30, 2018, andclaims the benefit of Patent Application No. CN201810474999.1 filed inPeople's Republic of China on May 17, 2018, and the Ser. No. 16/153,188application is further a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/394,247, filed on Apr. 25, 2019, now U.S. Pat.No. 11,067,603, issued Jul. 20, 2021, which claims the benefit of PatentApplication No. TW107121644 in Taiwan, Republic of China filed on Jun.25, 2018. The disclosures made in the patent application Ser. No.17/179,405, 16/513,188, 16/246,529, 16/394,247 are hereby incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates generally to an electrical connector. Moreparticularly, the present invention relates to an electrical connectorhaving contact members and routing members.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows an example of an existing transformation platform 100. Theexisting transformation platform 100 comprises a bottom stiffener 110, aprinted circuit board (PCB) 120, a PCB interposer substrate 130, analignment frame 140 containing an LGA socket, a central processing unit(CPU) 150, and a cooling system 160. The transformation occurs insidethe PCB interposer substrate 130. In this example, the mating pads ofthe PCB 120 are too small for a land grid array (LGA) connector toproperly connect to. It is advantageous to develop a new adaptationinterposer with larger top side pads together with solder balls attachedto a bottom side of the PCB interposer substrate 130 so that it may besolder down to the PCB 120. The larger top side pads ensure that the LGAsocket of the alignment frame 140 can connect to the larger top sidepads without wiping off the top side pads when the LGA socket and thealignment frame 140 are under operational conditions.

FIG. 2A shows a conventional PCB interposer substrate 290. A diameter ofpads 292 on a top side of the PCB interposer substrate 290 is largerthan a diameter of pads 294 on a bottom side of the PCB interposersubstrate 290. Each one of the pads 292 is mechanically and electricallyconnected to a respective pad of the pads 294 by a respective via 296.FIG. 2B shows a conventional PCB interposer substrate 291 containingsolder balls 299 attached to pads 295. A diameter of pads 293 on a topside of the PCB interposer substrate 291 is larger than a diameter ofpads 295 on a bottom side of the PCB interposer substrate 291. Each padof the pads 293 is mechanically and electrically connected to arespective pad of the pads 295 by a respective via 297.

One advantage of the electrical connector of the present disclosure isits scalable nature. The electrical connector can connect a first boardto a second board having different pitches of contact pads. Theelectrical connector may be employed to test various electronic devices.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In some embodiments, an electrical connector includes a substrate, apitch transformation routing assembly formed on the substrate andincluding pitch transformation routing members, a first set of contactmembers where each contact member extends away from a first end of acorresponding pitch transformation routing member, and a second set ofcontact members where each contact member extends away from a second endof a corresponding pitch transformation routing member. Each pitchtransformation routing member includes multiple routing sections, whereeach routing section extends in the first direction or the seconddirection. In a first subset of the pitch transformation routingmembers, the pitch transformation routing members have routing sectionswith different dimensions in the first direction and the seconddirection.

In other embodiments, an electrical connector includes multiplesubstrates separated by spacers and multiple pitch transformationrouting assemblies, each pitch transformation routing assembly beingformed on a respective substrate and comprising multiple pitchtransformation routing members. The electrical connector includes afirst set of contact members where each contact member extends away froma first end of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member and asecond set of contact members where each contact member extends awayfrom a second end of a corresponding pitch transformation routingmember, the second end opposite the first end of the corresponding pitchtransformation routing member. Each pitch transformation routingassembly includes a first subset of the pitch transformation routingmembers where each pitch transformation routing member in the firstsubset includes multiple routing sections with each routing sectionextends in the first direction or the second direction. In the firstsubset of the pitch transformation routing members, the pitchtransformation routing members have routing sections with differentdimensions in the first direction and the second direction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional testing apparatus.

FIG. 2A is a cross sectional view of a conventional PCB interposersubstrate.

FIG. 2B is a cross sectional view of a conventional PCB interposersubstrate comprising solder balls attached to a bottom side of theconventional PCB interposer substrate.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a partially exploded plot of a connectorand a driving module in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a connector in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 5 is a top view of a connector in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a zoomed-in plot of a connector in examples ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a connector connecting pads of a top board topads of a bottom board in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a front view of another connector in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a zoomed-in plot of another connector inexamples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a front view of still another connector and a bottom board inexamples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a front view of yet another connector and a bottom board inexamples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is an assembled front view of the connector of FIG. 10 attachedto the bottom board in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is an assembled front view of a connector mated between a topboard and a bottom board in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a plurality of contact assemblies, a datumvia, and two spacers in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a substrate in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 16 is a front view of the plurality of contact assemblies of FIG.14 bonded to the substrate of FIG. 15 in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a subassembly in examples of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a front view of the subassembly of FIG. 17 in examples of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a top view of a connector in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the connector of FIG. 19 in examples ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a copper clad layer in examples of thepresent disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a partially exploded plot of a connector2 and a driving module 1 in examples of the present disclosure. FIG. 5is a top view of the connector 2 of FIG. 3 . The driving module 1comprises a plurality of pads 11. The connector 2 comprises a pluralityof hemisphere metal units 390. In examples of the present disclosure, atotal number of the plurality of pads 11 equals to a total number of theplurality of hemisphere metal units 390. A total number of rows(parallel to X-direction) of the plurality of pads 11 equals to a totalnumber of rows of the plurality of hemisphere metal units 390. A totalnumber of columns (parallel to Y-direction) of the plurality of pads 11equals to a total number of columns of the plurality of hemisphere metalunits 390.

In examples of the present disclosure, the connector 2 is an electricalconnector. The connector 2 comprises a plurality of substrates 320, afirst plurality of spacers 340, a second plurality of spacers 350, aplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360, and aplurality of contact assemblies 370.

In examples of the present disclosure, the plurality of substrates 320each extends along X-direction. Each of the plurality of substrates 320is of a rectangular prism shape. The plurality of substrates 320comprises a front substrate 322, a back substrate 332, and a pluralityof intermediate substrates 326 disposed between the front substrate 322and the back substrate 332. Though only three intermediate substrates326A, 326B, and 326C are shown in FIG. 3 , a total number of theintermediate substrates may vary. In one example, there is only oneintermediate substrate. In another example, there are two intermediatesubstrates. In still another example, there are twelve intermediatesubstrates.

In examples of the present disclosure, the front substrate 322 comprisesa non-conductive layer 322A (except having a conductive front surface324A), an insulation layer 322B, and a first plurality of standoffassemblies 520. A front surface 324A of the front substrate 322 does notdirectly contact one of the first plurality of spacers 340. A backsurface 324B of the front substrate 322 directly contacts (partiallyexploded plot of FIG. 3 ) spacer 342 of the first plurality of spacers340. In examples of the present disclosure, front surface 324A (forexample, a conductive coating), the first plurality of standoffassemblies 520, the spacer 346, the spacer 356, and the pitchtransformation routing assembly 366 are made of conduct materials.

In examples of the present disclosure, the back substrate 332 comprisesa non-conductive layer (except having a conductive back surface), aninsulation layer, and a plurality of standoff assemblies. A back surfaceof the back substrate 332 does not directly contact one of the firstplurality of spacers 340. A front surface of the back substrate 332directly contacts one of the first plurality of spacers 340.

In examples of the present disclosure, a front surface of each of theplurality of intermediate substrates 326 directly contacts one of thefirst plurality of spacers 340. A back surface of each of the pluralityof intermediate substrates 326 directly contacts one of the firstplurality of spacers 340.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the second plurality ofspacers 350 and a respective spacer of the first plurality of spacers340 connect a respective substrate of the plurality of substrates 320 toa respective adjacent substrate of the plurality of substrates 320. Forexample, spacer 356 of the second plurality of spacers 350 and spacer346 of the first plurality of spacers 340 connect substrates 326B tosubstrate 326C.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360 is surrounded by a correspondingsubstrate of the plurality of substrates 320, a corresponding spacer ofthe first plurality of spacers 340, a corresponding adjacent substrateof the plurality of substrates 320, and a corresponding spacer of thesecond plurality of spacers 350. For example, a pitch transformationrouting assembly 366 of the plurality of pitch transformation routingassemblies 360 is surrounded by the substrate 326B, the spacer 346 ofthe first plurality of spacers 340, a substrate 326C (adjacent to thesubstrate 326B), and the spacer 356 of the second plurality of spacers350. For example, the pitch transformation routing assembly 366 of theplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360 is disposedwithin an accommodation space 521 of FIG. 5 surrounded by the substrate326B, the spacer 346 of the first plurality of spacers 340, a substrate326C, and the spacer 356 of the second plurality of spacers 350.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360 comprises a plurality of pitchtransformation routing members. For example, pitch transformationrouting assembly 366 of the plurality of pitch transformation routingassemblies 360 comprises a plurality of pitch transformation routingmembers 366A.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of contactassemblies 370 comprises a plurality of contact members. For example,contact assembly 378 of the plurality of contact assemblies 370comprises a plurality of contact members 22.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of contactmembers of the plurality of the contact assemblies 370 extends away froma first end of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member. Forexample, contact member 372F extends away from a first end of a pitchtransformation routing member 362F. A front surface of each of theplurality of contact members of a selected contact assembly is disposedin a plane parallel to the X-direction and Z-direction. For example, afront surface of the contact member 372F is disposed in a plane parallelto the X-direction and Z-direction. In examples of the presentdisclosure, a second end of each of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing members of each of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360 is attached to a respectivehemisphere metal unit of the plurality of hemisphere metal units 390.

In examples of the present disclosure, the connector 2 further comprisesa first plurality of standoff assemblies 520 and a second plurality ofstandoff assemblies 560 (see FIG. 5 ). Each of the first plurality ofstandoff assemblies comprises a first plurality of standoff members. Forexample, a standoff assembly 522 of the first plurality of standoffassemblies 520 comprises standoff members 522A, 522B, . . . and 522J.Each of the second plurality of standoff assemblies comprises a secondplurality of standoff members. A front surface of each of the pluralityof pitch transformation routing members of a selected pitchtransformation routing assembly of the plurality of pitch transformationrouting assemblies 360 contacts a corresponding standoff member of thefirst plurality of standoff members of a selected first plurality ofstandoff assembly of the first plurality of standoff assemblies 520. Forexample, a front surface of a pitch transformation routing member 362Aof a pitch transformation routing assembly 362 of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360 contacts the standoff member 522Aof the standoff assembly 522 of the first plurality of standoffassemblies 520. A back surface of each of the plurality of pitchtransformation routing members of the selected pitch transformationrouting assembly of the plurality of pitch transformation routingassemblies 360 contacts a corresponding standoff member of the secondplurality of standoff members of a selected second plurality of standoffassembly of the second plurality of standoff assemblies 560.

In examples of the present disclosure, the plurality of pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360, the plurality of contactassemblies 370, the first plurality of spacers 340, and the secondplurality of spacers 350 are made of a same conductive material (forexample, a copper material or a copper alloy material).

In examples of the present disclosure, the connector 2 further comprisesa datum via 397. The datum via 397 passes through a central hole 399 ofthe front substrate 322, a central hole of each of the plurality ofintermediate substrates 326, and a central hole of the back substrate332.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a connector 2 (without showing the frontsubstrate 322 of FIG. 3 ) in examples of the present disclosure. FIG. 6is a front view of a zoomed-in plot of a connector 602 (without showingthe front substrate 322 of FIG. 3 ) in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a connector 2 connecting pads 704 of a topboard 702 to pads 708 of a bottom board 706 in examples of the presentdisclosure. The pitch transformation routing assembly 362 of FIG. 3comprises a first pitch transformation routing member 710, a secondpitch transformation routing member 720, a third pitch transformationrouting member 730, a fourth pitch transformation routing member 740,and a fifth pitch transformation routing member 750.

In examples of the present disclosure, an entirety of the first pitchtransformation routing member 710 extends along Z-direction. The secondpitch transformation routing member 720 comprises a top routing section722 extends along Z-direction; and a horizontal routing section 724extends along X-direction. The third pitch transformation routing member730 comprises a top routing section 732 extends along Z-direction; and ahorizontal routing section 734 extends along X-direction. The horizontalrouting section 724 of the second pitch transformation routing member720 is shorter than the horizontal routing section 734 of the thirdpitch transformation routing member 730.

In examples of the present disclosure, the fourth pitch transformationrouting member 740 comprises a top routing section 742 extends alongZ-direction; a horizontal routing section 744 extends along X-direction;and a bottom routing section 746 extends along Z-direction. The fifthpitch transformation routing member 750 comprises a top routing section752 extends along Z-direction; a horizontal routing section 754 extendsalong X-direction; and a bottom routing section 756 extends alongZ-direction. The horizontal routing section 744 of the fourth pitchtransformation routing member 740 is shorter than the horizontal routingsection 754 of the fifth pitch transformation routing member 750.

In examples of the present disclosure, a distance 792 between a centroidof the end portion and a centroid of the datum via 397 is smaller than adistance 794 between a centroid of the slender portion and the centroidof the datum via 397. A distance between a centroid of the reverse endportion and the centroid of the datum via is smaller than a distancebetween a centroid of the reverse slender portion and the centroid ofthe datum via.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a connector 800 (without showing the frontsubstrate 322 of FIG. 3 ) in examples of the present disclosure. Theconnector 800 is similar to the connector 2 of FIG. 4 except that theplurality of hemisphere metal units 390 of FIG. 4 are replaced by aplurality of reverse contact assemblies 870. A second end of each of theplurality of pitch transformation routing members of each of the pitchtransformation routing assemblies 360 is attached to a respectivereverse contact member of a respective reverse contact assembly of theplurality of reverse contact assemblies 870. A pitch 892 of theplurality of contact members of the plurality of the contact assemblies370 is smaller than a pitch 894 of the plurality of reverse contactmembers of the plurality of the reverse contact assemblies 870.

In examples of the present disclosure, a contact member 822, a pitchtransformation routing member 824, and a reverse contact member 826 forma letter V shape. A contact member 832, a pitch transformation routingmember 834, and a reverse contact member 836 form a shifted letter Vshape.

In examples of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of contactmembers comprises a slender portion 842; and an end portion 844. Each ofthe plurality of reverse contact members comprises a reverse slenderportion 852; and a reverse end portion 854. A length of the slenderportion 842 is larger than a length of the end portion 844. A width ofthe slender portion 842 is smaller than a width of the end portion 844.A length of the reverse slender portion 852 is larger than a length ofthe reverse end portion 854. A width of the reverse slender portion 852is smaller than a width of the reverse end portion 854. A majorityportion of the end portion 844 is of a first arc shape. A majorityportion of the reverse end portion 854 is of a second arc shape.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a zoomed-in plot of a connector 900 (withoutshowing the front substrate 322 of FIG. 3 ) in examples of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 10 is a front view of connector 1002 and a bottom board 1001 inexamples of the present disclosure. Connector 1002 is similar toconnector 2 of FIG. 3 except that a plurality of contact members 1022are longer than the plurality of contact members 22 of FIG. 3 and theplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360 are replaced bya plurality of routing assemblies 1060. A first end of each of therouting member of the plurality of routing assemblies 1060 is directlyconnected to a respective contact member of the plurality of contactmembers 1022. A second end of each of the routing member of theplurality of routing assemblies 1060 is of a cone shape. The bottomboard 1001 comprises a plurality of sockets 1096, terminated on thebottom side with copper pad 1098, configured to receive the plurality ofcone shapes 1064 of the second ends of the plurality of routingassemblies 1060. In examples of the present disclosure, each routingmember of the plurality of routing assemblies 1060 and a respective(directly connected) contact member of the plurality of contact members1022 are a single-piece construction. For one example of thesingle-piece construction, formed in a single wafer etching process. Foranother example of the single-piece construction, formed in a singlemetal casting process.

In examples of the present disclosure, a (top) portion of a frontsurface of each of the plurality of routing members of a selectedrouting assembly of the plurality of routing assemblies 1060 contacts acorresponding standoff member of the first plurality of standoff membersof a selected first plurality of standoff assembly of the firstplurality of standoff assemblies 520 of FIG. 3 . A (bottom) portion of afront surface of each of the plurality of contact members 1022 contactsa corresponding standoff member of the first plurality of standoffmembers of a selected first plurality of standoff assembly of the firstplurality of standoff assemblies 520 of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 11 is a front view of connector 1102 and a bottom board 1101 inexamples of the present disclosure. Connector 1102 is similar toconnector 2 of FIG. 3 except that a plurality of contact members 1122are longer than the plurality of contact members 22 of FIG. 3 and theplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360 are replaced bya plurality of routing assemblies 1160. A first end of each of therouting member of the plurality of routing assemblies 1160 is directlyconnected to a respective contact member of the plurality of contactmembers 1122. A second end of each of the routing member of theplurality of routing assemblies 1160 comprises a first prong 1164A and asecond prong 1164B opposite the first prong 1164A. The bottom board 1101comprises a plurality of sockets 1196 each being configured to receive arespective first prong 1164A and a respective second prong 1164B. Thebottom board 1101 contains a plurality of surface pads 1198.

FIG. 12 is a front view of connector 1202 attached to a bottom board1201 in examples of the present disclosure. Connector 1202 is similar toconnector 2 of FIG. 3 except that a plurality of contact members 1222are longer than the plurality of contact members 22 of FIG. 3 and theplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360 are replaced bya plurality of routing assemblies 1260. A first end of each of therouting member of the plurality of routing assemblies 1260 is directlyconnected to a respective contact member of the plurality of contactmembers 1222. A second end of each of the routing member of theplurality of routing assemblies 1260 is of a shape of a cone or a prongconfiguration facilitating plugging operations into a plurality ofsockets 1296. The bottom board 1201 comprises the plurality of sockets1296 configured to receive the plurality of cone or prong shapes of thesecond ends of the plurality of routing assemblies 1260 that areterminated with a plurality of solder disk or solder bumps 1298.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a connector 1302 mated between a top board1303 and a bottom board 1301 in examples of the present disclosure. Topportions of a plurality of contact members 1322 are configured to slidealong bottom surfaces of contact pads on a bottom surface of a top board1303. The bottom board 1301 is further connected to a base board 1304through a plurality of solder balls 1309. Connector 1302 is similar toconnector 2 of FIG. 3 except that a plurality of contact members 1322are longer than the plurality of contact members 22 of FIG. 3 and theplurality of pitch transformation routing assemblies 360 are replaced bya plurality of routing assemblies 1360. A first end of each of therouting member of the plurality of routing assemblies 1360 is directlyconnected to a respective contact member of the plurality of contactmembers 1322. A second end of each of the routing member of theplurality of routing assemblies 1360 comprises a first prong 1364A and asecond prong 1364B opposite the first prong 1364A. The bottom board 1301comprises a plurality of sockets 1396 each being configured to receive arespective first prong 1364A and a respective second prong 1364B.

FIG. 14 shows a plurality of contact assemblies 1470, a datum via 1497,and spacers 1446 and 1456 in examples of the present disclosure. Contactstructure integrated with pitch translation routing. Upper pitch is lessthan that of the lower pitch. Left spacer 1446 and right spacer 1456 andthe datum via 1497 are fabricated from the same material as the contactand translation routing structures. The spacers 1446 and 1456 act asfillers that seal the ends of contact block structure.

FIG. 15 shows a substrate 1526 in examples of the present disclosure.The plurality of contact assemblies 1470 of FIG. 14 will be bonded tothe substrate 1526.

FIG. 16 shows the plurality of contact assemblies 1470 of FIG. 14 bondedto the substrate 1526 of FIG. 15 in examples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 shows a subassembly 1700 comprising the plurality of contactassemblies 1470 of FIG. 14 and a plurality of contact assemblies 1770bonded to opposite sides of the substrate 1526 of FIG. 15 in examples ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is a front view of the plurality of contact assemblies 1470, adatum via 1497, spacers 1446 and 1456, and the substrate 1526 inexamples of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is a top view of a connector 1900 in examples of the presentdisclosure. The connector 1900 comprises the subassembly 1700 of FIG. 17and other subassemblies 1700A and 1700B (having similar structure assubassembly 1700). The connector 1900 excludes a plurality of standoffassemblies 520 of FIG. 5 contacting the plurality of pitchtransformation routing members 362 of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the connector 1900 of FIG. 19 inexamples of the present disclosure. A copper clad layer 2109 of FIG. 21is directly attached to the substrate 2026. A copper clad layer 2119 isdirectly attached to the substrate 2036.

FIG. 21 shows the copper clad layer 2109.

Those of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that modifications ofthe embodiments disclosed herein are possible. For example, a totalnumber of the plurality of intermediate substrates 336 may vary. Othermodifications may occur to those of ordinary skill in this art, and allsuch modifications are deemed to fall within the purview of the presentinvention, as defined by the claims.

1. An electrical connector comprising: a substrate extending along afirst direction; a pitch transformation routing assembly formed on thesubstrate and comprising a plurality of pitch transformation routingmembers; a first plurality of contact members, wherein each contactmember extends away in a second direction from a first end of acorresponding pitch transformation routing member, the second directionbeing perpendicular to the first direction; and a second plurality ofcontact members, wherein each contact member extends away in the seconddirection from a second end of a corresponding pitch transformationrouting member, the second end opposite the first end of thecorresponding pitch transformation routing member, wherein each pitchtransformation routing member comprises a plurality of routing sections,each routing section extending in the first direction or the seconddirection, and wherein, in a first subset of the pitch transformationrouting members, the pitch transformation routing members have routingsections with different dimensions in the first direction and the seconddirection.
 2. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the firstends of the pitch transformation routing members in the first subset hasa pitch different from a pitch of the second ends of the pitchtransformation routing members.
 3. The electrical connector of claim 2,wherein each of the pitch transformation routing members in the firstsubset comprises a first routing section extending in the firstdirection and a second routing section extending in the seconddirection, a pitch of the first plurality of contact members associatedwith the first subset of the pitch transformation routing members isdifferent from a pitch of the second plurality of contact membersassociated with the first subset of the pitch transformation routingmembers.
 4. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the firstplurality of contact members each comprises a slender portion and an endportion.
 5. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the secondplurality of contact members each comprises a hemisphere metal unit. 6.The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the second plurality ofcontact members comprises a reverse slender portion and a reverse endportion.
 7. The electrical connector of claim 3, wherein the pitchtransformation routing members in the first subset comprise the firstrouting sections having increasing length in the first direction from afirst pitch transformation routing member in the first subset to a lastpitch transformation routing member in the first subset.
 8. Theelectrical connector of claim 7, wherein the pitch transformationrouting members in the first subset comprise the second routing sectionshaving different length in the second direction.
 9. The electricalconnector of claim 8, wherein the first plurality of contact membersextending from the first ends of the first subset of the pitchtransformation routing members have a pitch smaller than a pitch of thesecond plurality of contact members extending from the second ends ofthe first subset of the pitch transformation routing members.
 10. Theelectrical connector of claim 3, wherein each of the pitchtransformation routing members in the first subset comprises one or morefirst routing sections and one or more second routing sections.
 11. Theelectrical connector of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises anon-conductive layer and the pitch transformation routing members andthe first plurality and the second plurality of contact members eachcomprises a conductive material.
 12. The electrical connector of claim11, wherein the pitch transformation routing members and the firstplurality and the second plurality of contact members each comprises acopper material or a copper alloy material.
 13. The electrical connectorof claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a central hole locatedcentrally on the substrate, and wherein the first plurality of contactmembers comprises: a first group of contact members extending from pitchtransformation routing members formed on a first end of the substrate,each contact member including a slender portion and an end portioninclinedly extending towards the central hole; and a second group ofcontact members extending from pitch transformation routing membersformed on a second end of the substrate on an opposite side of thecentral hole, each contact member including a slender portion and an endportion inclinedly extending towards the central hole.
 14. An electricalconnector comprising: a plurality of substrates extending along a firstdirection, the substrates being spaced apart from each other in a seconddirection by a plurality of spacers; a plurality of pitch transformationrouting assemblies, each pitch transformation routing assembly beingformed on a respective substrate and comprising a plurality of pitchtransformation routing members; a first plurality of contact members,wherein each contact member extends away in a third direction from afirst end of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member, thethird direction being perpendicular to the first direction and thesecond direction; and a second plurality of contact members, whereineach contact member extends away in the third direction from a secondend of a corresponding pitch transformation routing member, the secondend opposite the first end of the corresponding pitch transformationrouting member, wherein each pitch transformation routing assemblycomprises a first subset of the pitch transformation routing members,each pitch transformation routing member in the first subset comprises aplurality of routing sections, each routing section extending in thefirst direction or the second direction, and wherein, in the firstsubset of the pitch transformation routing members, the pitchtransformation routing members have routing sections with differentdimensions in the first direction and the second direction.
 15. Theelectrical connector of claim 14, wherein the first ends of the pitchtransformation routing members in the first subset has a pitch differentfrom a pitch of the second ends of the pitch transformation routingmembers.
 16. The electrical connector of claim 15, wherein each of thepitch transformation routing members in the first subset comprises afirst routing section extending in the first direction and a secondrouting section extending in the second direction, a pitch of the firstplurality of contact members associated with the first subset of thepitch transformation routing members is different from a pitch of thesecond plurality of contact members associated with the first subset ofthe pitch transformation routing members.
 17. The electrical connectorof claim 14, wherein the first plurality of contact members eachcomprises a slender portion and an end portion and the second pluralityof contact members each comprises a hemisphere metal unit.
 18. Theelectrical connector of claim 14, wherein the first plurality of contactmembers each comprises a slender portion and an end portion and thesecond plurality of contact members comprises a reverse slender portionand a reverse end portion.
 19. The electrical connector of claim 16,wherein the pitch transformation routing members in the first subsetcomprise the first routing sections having increasing length in thefirst direction from a first pitch transformation routing member in thefirst subset to a last pitch transformation routing member in the firstsubset.
 20. The electrical connector of claim 19, wherein the pitchtransformation routing members in the first subset comprise the secondrouting sections having different length in the second direction. 21.The electrical connector of claim 20, wherein the first plurality ofcontact members extending from the first ends of the first subset of thepitch transformation routing members have a pitch smaller than a pitchof the second plurality of contact members extending from the secondends of the first subset of the pitch transformation routing members.22. The electrical connector of claim 16, wherein each of the pitchtransformation routing members in the first subset comprises one or morefirst routing sections and one or more second routing sections.